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In Islamic theology, God ( ') is the all-powerful and all-knowing creator, sustainer, ordainer and judge of everything in existence.〔Gerhard Böwering ''God and his Attributes'', Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān Quran.com, ''Islam: The Straight Path'', Oxford University Press, 1998, p.22〕 Islam emphasizes that God is strictly singular (')〔John L. Esposito, ''Islam: The Straight Path'', Oxford University Press, 1998, p.88〕 unique (') and inherently One ('), all-merciful and omnipotent.〔"Allah." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica〕 According to Islamic teachings, God exists without place〔 and according to the Quran, "No vision can grasp him, but His grasp is over all vision: He is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things." God, as referenced in the Quran, is the only God.〔F.E. Peters, ''Islam'', p.4, Princeton University Press, 2003〕 Definition of God is given in the Surat 112 Al-'Ikhlāş (The Sincerity) it says "He is God, (is ) One. God, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent." In Islam, there are 99 known names of God (' lit. meaning: "The best names"), each of which evoke a distinct attribute of God.〔Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa, ''Allah''〕 All these names refer to Allah, the supreme and all-comprehensive divine name.〔Annemarie Schimmel,''The Tao of Islam: A Sourcebook on Gender Relationships in Islamic'', SUNY Press, p.206〕 Among the 99 names of God, the most familiar and frequent of these names are "the Compassionate" (') and "the Merciful" (').〔〔 Creation and ordering of the universe is seen as an act of prime mercy for which all creatures sing God's glories and bear witness to God's unity and lordship. God responds to those in need or distress whenever they call. Above all, God guides humanity to the right way, "the holy ways".〔Britannica Encyclopedia, ''Islam'', p. 3〕 Islamic theology makes a distinction between the attributes of God and the divine essence.〔 Islam also has a concept of negative theology, known as ''ta'tili'' "negation", stating that God exists without a place and has no resemblance to his creation.〔often invoked in this context is Sura 42:11, reading "there is nothing whatever like unto Him" 〕 == Names == (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「God in Islam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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